Tātai matū: C4H6O4 Taumaha molecular: 118.09

Āhuahira:Ko te waikawa Succinic he karaihe korekore. Ko te rahinga whanaungatanga ko te 1.572 (25/4 ℃), ko te rewa rewa 188 dec, ka decompose i te 235 ℃, na te whakaheke i te nekehanga o te pehanga ka taea te whakakotahi, ka wairewa ki te wai, ka ngawari te wairewa i te etanol, ether me te acetone.

Nga tono:Ko te waikawa Succinic te FDA hei GRAS (e kiia ana he haumaru), na reira ka taea te whakamahi mo nga kaupapa maha. Ka whakamahia whanui te waikawa Succinic hei rongoa, kai, pesticides, waikano, mea kakara, peita, kirihou me etahi atu umanga, hei tuunga mo nga pūhui C4, te whakahiato i etahi hua matū whakahirahira, penei i te butyl glycol, tetrahydrofuran, gamma butyrolactone , n-methyl pyrrolidone (NMD), 2-pyrrolidone, me era atu. Hei taapiri, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i nga mea hanga waikawa succinic hei whakahiato i nga waahana koiora koiora, penei i te poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) me te polyamide.

Painga:Ki te whakataurite ki te tikanga matū tuku iho, he maha nga painga o te whakatipu miiharoatanga koiora o te waikawa succinic: he whakataetae te utu whakaputa; ko te whakamahi i nga rawa ahuwhenua hou ka uru ki te hauhā hei rauemi mata, kia kore ai e whirinaki ki nga rauemi mata o te petrochemical; whakamate i te parahanga o te tukanga whakahiato matū i te taiao.